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 The
climate of India and its unique diversity had enduring impact on the
emergence of India as a socially and culturally vibrant country. It is
the land of snowcapped mountains as well as sprawling deserts, vast
open plains as well as densely covered forests.
Located in south Asia India is the seventh largest country in the
world and its mainland area is around 3,287,782 square kilometer. The
territories of India measure 3,214 kilometer from north to south and
2933 kilometer from east to west. Its land frontier is around 15,200
kilometer long and coastline ranges about 6,100 kilometer.
India is a land of great geographical diversities. The geographical
divisions defining Indian geographical landscape are the northern
mountain chain, the Indo-Gangetic Plains, the desert region and the
southern peninsula. The mighty Himalayas in the north provide an
impenetrable barrier to the cold winds of central Asia, and gives the
sub-continent the features of tropical type of climate.
India has been traditionally known as the land of rivers. The length
and breadth of the country is criss- crossed by sprawling rivers and
tiny rivulets. The holy Ganges, Yamuna, Godavari, Mahanadi, Krishna,
Kaveri are some of the major rivers of India.
India is a land of all seasons and the cycle of different seasons has
provided a distinct rhythm to the lifestyle of people living in
different parts of the country. The four climatic seasons of India are
Winter (December to February), Summer (March to May), South-West
Monsoons (June to September) and Retreating Monsoon (October to
November). The rainfall in India shows great variations in terms of
its geographical distribution, frequency, and seasonal occurrence.
Most of the rainfall in India takes place under the influence of South
West monsoon between June to September.
As a result of the occurrence of diverse geographical features in
India it has bewildering variety of flora and fauna. Forests in the
ranges of Himalayan have a diverse variety of trees starting from
conifers and broad-leaved trees occurring in the temperate zone to
silver birch, silver fir, and junipers etc in the alpine zone. The
scenic islands of India are home to rare species of animals, birds,
fishes, reptiles, corals and other organisms. The widespread Wildlife
sanctuaries and National Parks of India provides natural habitat to
hundreds of wild animals including the Royal Bengal Tiger, Asiatic
elephant, leopard, lion and many more and it's here we can see them in
their natural way of life.
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